{"id":40026,"date":"2021-08-11T15:16:55","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T15:16:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/?p=40026"},"modified":"2021-08-11T15:16:55","modified_gmt":"2021-08-11T15:16:55","slug":"afghanistan-war-taliban-back-brutal-rule-as-they-strike-for-power","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/?p=40026","title":{"rendered":"Afghanistan war: Taliban back brutal rule as they strike for power"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p>\n                               <span class=\"gel-body-copy\">From 9\/11&amp;comma; to intense fighting on the ground&amp;comma; and now full withdrawal of US-led forces&amp;comma; here\u2019s what happened.<\/span>\n                           <\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       9\/11<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>11 September 2001<\/time><\/p>\n<p>Al-Qaeda&amp;comma; led by Osama Bin Laden in Afghanistan&amp;comma; carries out the largest terror attack ever conducted on US soil.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/16DE\/production\/_119145850_gettyimages_wtc.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"The World Trade Centre is reduced to rubble\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> The World Trade Centre is reduced to rubble<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> Getty<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Four commercial airliners are hijacked. Two are flown into the World Trade Centre in New York&amp;comma; which collapses. One hits the Pentagon building in Washington&amp;comma; and one crashes into a field in Pennsylvania. Nearly 3&amp;comma;000 people are killed.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       First air strikes<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>7 October 2001<\/time><\/p>\n<p>A US-led coalition bombs Taliban and al-Qaeda facilities in Afghanistan. Targets include Kabul&amp;comma; Kandahar and Jalalabad.<\/p>\n<p>The Taliban&amp;comma; who took power after a decade-long Soviet occupation was followed by civil war&amp;comma; refuse to hand over Bin Laden. Their air defences and small fleet of fighter aircraft are destroyed.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       <strong> <\/strong>Fall of Kabul<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>13 November 2001<\/time><\/p>\n<p>The Northern Alliance&amp;comma; a group of anti-Taliban rebels backed by coalition forces&amp;comma; enters Kabul as the Taliban flee the city.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/3DEE\/production\/_119145851_gettyimages_na.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"Coalition-backed Northern Alliance fighters ride tanks into Kabul as the Taliban retreat\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> Coalition-backed Northern Alliance fighters ride tanks into Kabul as the Taliban retreat<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> Getty<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>By the 13 November 2001&amp;comma; all Taliban have either fled or been neutralised. Other cities quickly fall.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       <strong> <\/strong>New constitution<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>26 January 2004<\/time><\/p>\n<p>After protracted negotiations at a \u201cloya jirga\u201d or grand assembly&amp;comma; the new Afghan constitution is signed into law. The constitution paves the way for presidential elections in October 2004.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       Hamid Karzai becomes president<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>7 December 2004<\/time><\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/8C0E\/production\/_119145853_gettyimages_karzai.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"Hamid Karzai led anti-Taliban groups around Kandahar before becoming president\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> Hamid Karzai led anti-Taliban groups around Kandahar before becoming president<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> Getty<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Hamid Karzai&amp;comma; the leader of the Popalzai Durrani tribe&amp;comma; becomes the first president under the new constitution. He serves two five-year terms as president.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       UK troops deployed to Helmand<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>May 2006<\/time><\/p>\n<p>British troops arrive in Helmand province&amp;comma; a Taliban stronghold in the south of the country.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/B31E\/production\/_119145854_gettyimages-154419188.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"Soldiers of the Parachute Regiment lead the first UK deployment to Helmand\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> Soldiers of the Parachute Regiment lead the first UK deployment to Helmand<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> Getty<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Their initial mission is to support reconstruction projects&amp;comma; but they are quickly drawn into combat operations. More than 450 British troops lose their lives in Afghanistan over the course of the conflict.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       Obama\u2019s surge<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>17 February 2009<\/time><\/p>\n<p>US President Barack Obama approves a major increase in the number of troops sent to Afghanistan. At their peak&amp;comma; they number about 140&amp;comma;000.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/DA2E\/production\/_119145855_gettyimages_surge.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"US troops in intense combat operations in the south of the country\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> US troops in intense combat operations in the south of the country<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> Getty<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The so-called \u201csurge\u201d is modelled on US strategy in Iraq where US forces focussed on protecting the civilian population as well as killing insurgent fighters.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       Osama Bin Laden killed<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>2 May 2011<\/time><\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1013E\/production\/_119145856_obl_gettypng.png??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"Bin Laden is traced to a compound located less than a mile from a Pakistani military academy\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> Bin Laden is traced to a compound located less than a mile from a Pakistani military academy<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> Getty<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The leader of al-Qaeda is killed in an assault by US Navy Seals on a compound in Abbottabad in Pakistan. Bin Laden\u2019s body is removed and buried at sea. The operation ends a 10-year hunt led by the CIA. \u00a0The confirmation that Bin Laden had been living on Pakistani soil fuels accusations in the US that Pakistan is an unreliable ally in the war on terror.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       Death of Mullah Omar<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>23 April 2013<\/time><\/p>\n<p>The founder of the Taliban&amp;comma; Mullah Mohammed Omar&amp;comma; dies. His death is kept secret for more than two years.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1284E\/production\/_119145857_omar_epa_2.png??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"The Taliban leader is believed to have suffered a shrapnel wound to his right eye in the 1980s\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> The Taliban leader is believed to have suffered a shrapnel wound to his right eye in the 1980s<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> EPA<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>According to Afghan intelligence&amp;comma; Mullah Omar dies of health problems at a hospital in the Pakistani city of Karachi. Pakistan denies that he was in the country.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       Nato ends combat operations<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>28 December 2014<\/time><\/p>\n<p>At a ceremony in Kabul&amp;comma; Nato ends its combat operations in Afghanistan. With the surge now over&amp;comma; the US withdraws thousands of troops. \u00a0Most of those who remain focus on training and supporting the Afghan security forces.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       Taliban resurgence<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>2015<\/time><\/p>\n<p>The Taliban launch a series of suicide attacks&amp;comma; car bombings and other assaults. The parliament building in Kabul&amp;comma; and the city of Kunduz are attacked. Islamic State militants begin operations in Afghanistan.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/10210\/production\/_119146066_gettyimages-flames.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"Kabul's international airport is struck on 10 August 2015\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> Kabul&#8217;s international airport is struck on 10 August 2015<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> Getty<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       Death toll announcement<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>25 January 2019<\/time><\/p>\n<p>Afghan President Ashraf Ghani says more than 45&amp;comma;000 members of his country\u2019s security forces have been killed since he became leader in 2014. The figure is far higher than previously thought.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       US signs deal with Taliban<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>29 February 2020<\/time><\/p>\n<p>The US and the Taliban sign an \u201cagreement for bringing peace\u201d to Afghanistan&amp;comma; in Doha&amp;comma; Qatar. The US and Nato allies agree to withdraw all troops within 14 months if the militants uphold the deal.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"figure\"><picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__img\" src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/DB00\/production\/_119146065_gettyimages_qatar.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\" alt=\"The deal lays out a timetable for full withdrawal\"\/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span> The deal lays out a timetable for full withdrawal<br \/>\n                                                   <span class=\"figure__attribution\"><br \/>\n                                                       <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright by<\/span> Getty<br \/>\n                                                   <\/span><br \/>\n                                           <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"timeline\">\n<h3 class=\"timeline__header\">\n                                       Date for final withdrawal<br \/>\n                                   <\/h3>\n<p class=\"timeline__date\">\n                                   <time>11 September 2021<\/time><\/p>\n<p>US forces are scheduled to withdraw from Afghanistan by 11 September 2021&amp;comma; exactly 20 years since 9\/11. There are strong indications that the withdrawal may be complete before the official deadline.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script nonce=\"DPytq8peHRPMVzSMo0WuU\/UdzkUrQiRVkbEIkTKb4Vube\/QeuJ\">window.__INITIAL_DATA__={\"data\":{\"global-navigation?country=in&language=en-GB\":{\"name\":\"global-navigation\",\"props\":{\"country\":\"in\",\"language\":\"en-GB\"},\"data\":{\"accessibilityLinks\":[{\"label\":\"Skip to content\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/#main-heading\"},{\"label\":\"Accessibility Help\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/accessibility\/\"}],\"signInLabel\":\"Sign in\",\"accountLabel\":\"Your account\",\"menuLabel\":\"Menu\",\"moreLabel\":\"More\",\"closeButtonLabel\":\"Close menu\",\"legalLinks\":[{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/usingthebbc\/terms\",\"label\":\"Terms of Use\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/aboutthebbc\",\"label\":\"About the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/usingthebbc\/privacy\",\"label\":\"Privacy Policy\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/usingthebbc\/cookies\",\"label\":\"Cookies\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/accessibility\",\"label\":\"Accessibility Help\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/iplayer\/guidance\",\"label\":\"Parental Guidance\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/contact\",\"label\":\"Contact the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/bbcnewsletter\",\"label\":\"Get Personalised Newsletters\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/help-41670342\",\"label\":\"Why you can trust the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbcglobalnews.com\/home\/\",\"label\":\"Advertise with us\"},{\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/usingthebbc\/cookies\/how-does-the-bbc-use-cookies-for-advertising\/\",\"label\":\"AdChoices \/ Do Not Sell My Info\"}],\"disclaimer\":{\"text\":\"\u00a9 2021 BBC. 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story\",\"socialEmbed\":{\"instagram\":{\"warningText\":null,\"linkText\":null},\"facebook\":{\"warningText\":\"The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.\",\"linkText\":\"View original post on Facebook\"},\"twitter\":{\"warningText\":\"The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.\",\"linkText\":\"View original tweet on Twitter\"},\"youtube\":{\"warningText\":\"Warning: Third party content may contain adverts\",\"linkText\":null}},\"tagList\":\"Related Topics\",\"updated\":\"Updated\"}},\"headline\":\"Afghanistan war: Taliban back brutal rule as they strike for power\",\"content\":{\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh and elsewhere have made a rapid advance in recent weeks\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg 976w\"},\"emphasiseImage\":true}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban fighters we meet are stationed just 30 minutes from one of Afghanistan's largest cities, Mazar-i-Sharif.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban fighters we meet are stationed just 30 minutes from one of Afghanistan's largest cities, Mazar-i-Sharif.\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The \"ghanimat\" or spoils of war they're showing off include a Humvee, two pick-up vans and a host of powerful machine guns. Ainuddin, a stony-faced former madrassa (religious school) student who's now a local military commander, stands at the centre of a heavily-armed crowd.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The \"ghanimat\" or spoils of war they're showing off include a Humvee, two pick-up vans and a host of powerful machine guns. Ainuddin, a stony-faced former madrassa (religious school) student who's now a local military commander, stands at the centre of a heavily-armed crowd.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The insurgents have been capturing new territory on what seems like a daily basis as international troops have all but withdrawn. Caught in the middle is a terrified population. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The insurgents have been capturing new territory on what seems like a daily basis as international troops have all but withdrawn. Caught in the middle is a terrified population. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Tens of thousands of ordinary Afghans have had to flee their homes - hundreds have been killed or injured in recent weeks. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Tens of thousands of ordinary Afghans have had to flee their homes - hundreds have been killed or injured in recent weeks. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"unorderedList\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The displaced people hoping for safety in Kabul\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-58170433\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The displaced people hoping for safety in Kabul\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I ask Ainuddin how he can justify the violence, given the pain it's inflicting on the people he claims to be fighting on behalf of?  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I ask Ainuddin how he can justify the violence, given the pain it's inflicting on the people he claims to be fighting on behalf of?  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"It's fighting, so people are dying,\" he replies coolly, adding that the group is trying its best \"not to harm civilians\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"It's fighting, so people are dying,\" he replies coolly, adding that the group is trying its best \"not to harm civilians\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban fighters showed off the Humvee they had captured\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh, with captured Humvee\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":699,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I point out that the Taliban are the ones who have started the fighting. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I point out that the Taliban are the ones who have started the fighting. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"No,\" he retorts. \"We had a government and it was overthrown. They [the Americans] started the fighting.\"  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"No,\" he retorts. \"We had a government and it was overthrown. They [the Americans] started the fighting.\"  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Ainuddin and the rest of the Taliban feel momentum is with them, and that they are on the cusp of returning to dominance after being toppled by the US-led invasion in 2001. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Ainuddin and the rest of the Taliban feel momentum is with them, and that they are on the cusp of returning to dominance after being toppled by the US-led invasion in 2001. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"They are not giving up Western culture\u2026 so we have to kill them,\" he says of the \"puppet government\" in Kabul.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"They are not giving up Western culture\u2026 so we have to kill them,\" he says of the \"puppet government\" in Kabul.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Shortly after we finish speaking we hear the sound of helicopters above us. The Humvee and the Taliban fighters quickly disperse. It's a reminder of the continuing threat the Afghan air force poses to the insurgents, and that the battle is still far from over.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Shortly after we finish speaking we hear the sound of helicopters above us. The Humvee and the Taliban fighters quickly disperse. It's a reminder of the continuing threat the Afghan air force poses to the insurgents, and that the battle is still far from over.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Afghanistan map\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":2176,\"width\":2048,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/2048\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"image\":{\"alt\":\"1px transparent line\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":1,\"width\":624,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We're in Balkh, a town with ancient roots, thought to be the birthplace of one of Islam's most famous mystic poets, Jalaluddin Rumi. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We're in Balkh, a town with ancient roots, thought to be the birthplace of one of Islam's most famous mystic poets, Jalaluddin Rumi. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We passed through here earlier this year, when it was still controlled by the government, but the outlying villages were held by the Taliban. Now it's one of around 200 district centres to have been captured by the militants in this latest, unprecedented offensive. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We passed through here earlier this year\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-56747158\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We passed through here earlier this year\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\", when it was still controlled by the government, but the outlying villages were held by the Taliban. Now it's one of around 200 district centres to have been captured by the militants in this latest, unprecedented offensive. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"A member of a Taliban \"red unit\" or special forces (kneeling, bottom left) poses with other Taliban in Balkh\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Taliban special forces (fighter kneeling bottom left) in Balkh district\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":649,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"One senior Taliban official said the focus in the north had been deliberate - not only because the region has traditionally seen strong anti-Taliban resistance, but also because it is more diverse. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"One senior Taliban official said the focus in the north had been deliberate - not only because the region has traditionally seen strong anti-Taliban resistance, but also because it is more diverse. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Despite its core leadership being heavily dominated by members of the Pashtun majority, the official said the Taliban wanted to emphasise they incorporated other ethnicities too.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Despite its core leadership being heavily dominated by members of the Pashtun majority, the official said the Taliban wanted to emphasise they incorporated other ethnicities too.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat, a local Taliban leader and our host in Balkh, is keen to show us how daily life is still continuing. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat, a local Taliban leader and our host in Balkh, is keen to show us how daily life is still continuing. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The bazaar remains crowded, with both male and female shoppers. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The bazaar remains crowded, with both male and female shoppers. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Balkh bazaar\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We had been told by local sources that women were allowed to attend only with a male companion, but when we visit that does not seem to be the case. Elsewhere Taliban commanders have reportedly been far stricter.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We had been told by local sources that women were allowed to attend only with a male companion, but when we visit that does not seem to be the case. Elsewhere Taliban commanders have reportedly been far stricter.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"All the women we see, however, are wearing the all-encompassing burqa, covering both their hair and face. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"All the women we see, however, are wearing the all-encompassing burqa, covering both their hair and face. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat insists no-one is being \"forced\" and that the Taliban are simply \"preaching\" that this is how women should dress. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat insists no-one is being \"forced\" and that the Taliban are simply \"preaching\" that this is how women should dress. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"This young girl had her face uncovered in the bazaar - but older female shoppers wore burqas\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Girl with phone in Balkh bazaar\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But I've been told taxi drivers have been given instructions not to drive any woman into the town unless she's fully veiled.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But I've been told taxi drivers have been given instructions not to drive any woman into the town unless she's fully veiled.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The day after we leave, reports emerge of a young woman being murdered because of her clothing. Haji Hekmat, though, rejects allegations Taliban members were responsible.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The day after we leave, reports emerge of a young woman being murdered because of her clothing. Haji Hekmat, though, rejects allegations Taliban members were responsible.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many in the bazaar express their support for the group and their gratitude towards them for improving security. But with Taliban fighters accompanying us at all times, it's difficult to know what residents really think.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many in the bazaar express their support for the group and their gratitude towards them for improving security. But with Taliban fighters accompanying us at all times, it's difficult to know what residents really think.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The group's hardline views are at times in tune with more conservative Afghans, but the Taliban are now pushing for control of a number of larger cities. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The group's hardline views are at times in tune with more conservative Afghans, but the Taliban are now pushing for control of a number of larger cities. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"image\":{\"alt\":\"2px presentational grey line\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":2,\"width\":640,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/640\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png 240w, 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war in Afghanistan?\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"IN MAPS: \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"How the Taliban retook half of Afghanistan\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-57933979\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"How the Taliban retook half of Afghanistan\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"PROFILE: \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Who are the Taliban?\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-south-asia-11451718\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Who are the Taliban?\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"ANALYSIS: \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"An al-Qaeda resurgence?\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-57738731\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"An al-Qaeda resurgence?\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"image\":{\"alt\":\"2px presentational grey line\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":2,\"width\":640,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/640\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In the shadow of Mazar-e-Sharif's intricately tiled Blue Mosque, men and women strolled around last week in a visibly more relaxed social atmosphere. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In the shadow of Mazar-e-Sharif's intricately tiled Blue Mosque, men and women strolled around last week in a visibly more relaxed social atmosphere. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Residents the BBC spoke to in nearby Mazar-i-Sharif were fearful of the Taliban resurgence\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Blue Mosque in Mazar\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The government are still in control in the city and almost everyone I spoke to expressed concern about what the Taliban's resurgence will mean, particularly for the \"freedoms\" younger generations have grown up with. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The government are still in control in the city and almost everyone I spoke to expressed concern about what the Taliban's resurgence will mean, particularly for the \"freedoms\" younger generations have grown up with. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But back in Balkh district the Taliban are formalising their own rival government. They've taken over all the official buildings in the town, bar one large, now abandoned police compound. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But back in Balkh district the Taliban are formalising their own rival government. They've taken over all the official buildings in the town, bar one large, now abandoned police compound. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"It used to be the headquarters of a bitter rival, the local police chief, and was partly destroyed in a suicide bombing by the militants as they fought for control of the area.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"It used to be the headquarters of a bitter rival, the local police chief, and was partly destroyed in a suicide bombing by the militants as they fought for control of the area.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The face of the Taliban's district governor, Abdullah Manzoor, lights up with a broad grin when he talks about the operation, whilst his men chuckle. The fight here, as in so many places in Afghanistan, is deeply personal as well as ideological.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The face of the Taliban's district governor, Abdullah Manzoor, lights up with a broad grin when he talks about the operation, whilst his men chuckle. The fight here, as in so many places in Afghanistan, is deeply personal as well as ideological.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Some things haven't changed since the Taliban takeover; orange-clad street cleaners are still reporting for work, as are some bureaucrats. They're overseen by a newly appointed Taliban mayor, seated at a broad wooden desk, with a small white flag of the \"Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan\" positioned in one corner. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Some things haven't changed since the Taliban takeover; orange-clad street cleaners are still reporting for work, as are some bureaucrats. They're overseen by a newly appointed Taliban mayor, seated at a broad wooden desk, with a small white flag of the \"Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan\" positioned in one corner. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban mayor in Balkh says business rates have gone down since the group took over the area\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Taliban mayor at his desk in Balkh\",\"copyright\":null,\"height\":649,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/240\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg 240w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg 320w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/480\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg 480w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/624\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg 624w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/800\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/976\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg 976w\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He used to be in charge of ammunition supplies, now it's taxes - and he tells me proudly the group charges business owners less than the government used to. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He used to be in charge of ammunition supplies, now it's taxes - and he tells me proudly the group charges business owners less than the government used to. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The transition from military to civilian life is a work in progress, though. A Taliban fighter still grasping his gun, who moves to pose behind the mayor during our interview, is ushered away by more senior figures.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The transition from military to civilian life is a work in progress, though. A Taliban fighter still grasping his gun, who moves to pose behind the mayor during our interview, is ushered away by more senior figures.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In other places, however, the insurgents' hardline interpretation of Islamic scripture is more visible. At the local radio station, they used to play a mixture of Islamic music and general popular hits. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In other places, however, the insurgents' hardline interpretation of Islamic scripture is more visible. At the local radio station, they used to play a mixture of Islamic music and general popular hits. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Now it's only religious chants. Haji Hekmat says they banned music promoting \"vulgarity\" from being played in public, but insists individuals can still listen to what they want.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Now it's only religious chants. Haji Hekmat says they banned music promoting \"vulgarity\" from being played in public, but insists individuals can still listen to what they want.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I've been told, however, of a local man being caught listening to music in the bazaar. 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Two are flown into the World Trade Centre in New York&comma; which collapses. One hits the Pentagon building in Washington&comma; and one crashes into a field in Pennsylvania. Nearly 3&comma;000 people are killed.\",\"timeline__element_6-header\":\"First air strikes\",\"timeline__element_6-date\":\"7 October 2001\",\"text_7-value\":\"A US-led coalition bombs Taliban and al-Qaeda facilities in Afghanistan. Targets include Kabul&comma; Kandahar and Jalalabad.\",\"text_8-value\":\"The Taliban&comma; who took power after a decade-long Soviet occupation was followed by civil war&comma; refuse to hand over Bin Laden. Their air defences and small fleet of fighter aircraft are destroyed.\",\"timeline__element_9-header\":\"u003cstrong> u003c\/strong>Fall of Kabul\",\"timeline__element_9-date\":\"13 November 2001\",\"text_10-value\":\"The Northern Alliance&comma; a group of anti-Taliban rebels backed by coalition forces&comma; enters Kabul as the Taliban flee the city.\",\"figure_11-caption\":\"Coalition-backed Northern Alliance fighters ride tanks into Kabul as the Taliban retreat\",\"figure_11-attribution\":\"Getty\",\"figure_11-src\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/3DEE\/production\/_119145851_gettyimages_na.jpg\",\"text_12-value\":\"By the 13 November 2001&comma; all Taliban have either fled or been neutralised. Other cities quickly fall.\",\"timeline__element_13-header\":\"u003cstrong> u003c\/strong>New constitution\",\"timeline__element_13-date\":\"26 January 2004\",\"text_14-value\":\"After protracted negotiations at a &ldquo;loya jirga&rdquo; or grand assembly&comma; the new Afghan constitution is signed into law. The constitution paves the way for presidential elections in October 2004.\",\"timeline__element_15-header\":\"Hamid Karzai becomes president\",\"timeline__element_15-date\":\"7 December 2004\",\"figure_16-caption\":\"Hamid Karzai led anti-Taliban groups around Kandahar before becoming president\",\"figure_16-attribution\":\"Getty\",\"figure_16-src\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/8C0E\/production\/_119145853_gettyimages_karzai.jpg\",\"text_17-value\":\"Hamid Karzai&comma; the leader of the Popalzai Durrani tribe&comma; becomes the first president under the new constitution. He serves two five-year terms as president.\",\"timeline__element_18-header\":\"UK troops deployed to Helmand\",\"timeline__element_18-date\":\"May 2006\",\"text_19-value\":\"British troops arrive in Helmand province&comma; a Taliban stronghold in the south of the country.\",\"figure_20-caption\":\"Soldiers of the Parachute Regiment lead the first UK deployment to Helmand\",\"figure_20-attribution\":\"Getty\",\"figure_20-src\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/B31E\/production\/_119145854_gettyimages-154419188.jpg\",\"text_21-value\":\"Their initial mission is to support reconstruction projects&comma; but they are quickly drawn into combat operations. More than 450 British troops lose their lives in Afghanistan over the course of the conflict.\",\"timeline__element_22-header\":\"Obama\u2019s surge\",\"timeline__element_22-date\":\"17 February 2009\",\"text_23-value\":\"US President Barack Obama approves a major increase in the number of troops sent to Afghanistan. At their peak&comma; they number about 140&comma;000.\",\"figure_24-caption\":\"US troops in intense combat operations in the south of the country\",\"figure_24-attribution\":\"Getty\",\"figure_24-src\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/DA2E\/production\/_119145855_gettyimages_surge.jpg\",\"text_25-value\":\"The so-called &ldquo;surge&rdquo; is modelled on US strategy in Iraq where US forces focussed on protecting the civilian population as well as killing insurgent fighters.\",\"timeline__element_26-header\":\"Osama Bin Laden killed\",\"timeline__element_26-date\":\"2 May 2011\",\"figure_27-caption\":\"Bin Laden is traced to a compound located less than a mile from a Pakistani military academy\",\"figure_27-attribution\":\"Getty\",\"figure_27-src\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1013E\/production\/_119145856_obl_gettypng.png\",\"text_28-value\":\"The leader of al-Qaeda is killed in an assault by US Navy Seals on a compound in Abbottabad in Pakistan. Bin Laden\u2019s body is removed and buried at sea. The operation ends a 10-year hunt led by the CIA. \u00a0The confirmation that Bin Laden had been living on Pakistani soil fuels accusations in the US that Pakistan is an unreliable ally in the war on terror.\",\"timeline__element_29-header\":\"Death of Mullah Omar\",\"timeline__element_29-date\":\"23 April 2013\",\"text_30-value\":\"The founder of the Taliban&comma; Mullah Mohammed Omar&comma; dies. His death is kept secret for more than two years.\",\"figure_31-caption\":\"The Taliban leader is believed to have suffered a shrapnel wound to his right eye in the 1980s\",\"figure_31-attribution\":\"EPA\",\"figure_31-src\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1284E\/production\/_119145857_omar_epa_2.png\",\"text_32-value\":\"According to Afghan intelligence&comma; Mullah Omar dies of health problems at a hospital in the Pakistani city of Karachi. Pakistan denies that he was in the country.\",\"timeline__element_33-header\":\"Nato ends combat operations\",\"timeline__element_33-date\":\"28 December 2014\",\"text_34-value\":\"At a ceremony in Kabul&comma; Nato ends its combat operations in Afghanistan. With the surge now over&comma; the US withdraws thousands of troops. \u00a0Most of those who remain focus on training and supporting the Afghan security forces.\",\"timeline__element_35-header\":\"Taliban resurgence\",\"timeline__element_35-date\":\"2015\",\"text_36-value\":\"The Taliban launch a series of suicide attacks&comma; car bombings and other assaults. The parliament building in Kabul&comma; and the city of Kunduz are attacked. Islamic State militants begin operations in Afghanistan.\",\"figure_37-caption\":\"Kabul's international airport is struck on 10 August 2015\",\"figure_37-attribution\":\"Getty\",\"figure_37-src\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/10210\/production\/_119146066_gettyimages-flames.jpg\",\"timeline__element_38-header\":\"Death toll announcement\",\"timeline__element_38-date\":\"25 January 2019\",\"text_39-value\":\"Afghan President Ashraf Ghani says more than 45&comma;000 members of his country\u2019s security forces have been killed since he became leader in 2014. The figure is far higher than previously thought.\",\"timeline__element_40-header\":\"US signs deal with Taliban\",\"timeline__element_40-date\":\"29 February 2020\",\"text_41-value\":\"The US and the Taliban sign an &ldquo;agreement for bringing peace&rdquo; to Afghanistan&comma; in Doha&comma; Qatar. The US and Nato allies agree to withdraw all troops within 14 months if the militants uphold the deal.\",\"figure_42-caption\":\"The deal lays out a timetable for full withdrawal\",\"figure_42-attribution\":\"Getty\",\"figure_42-src\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/DB00\/production\/_119146065_gettyimages_qatar.jpg\",\"timeline__element_43-header\":\"Date for final withdrawal\",\"timeline__element_43-date\":\"11 September 2021\",\"text_44-value\":\"US forces are scheduled to withdraw from Afghanistan by 11 September 2021&comma; exactly 20 years since 9\/11. 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to intense fighting on the ground&comma; and now full withdrawal of US-led forces&comma; here\u2019s what happened.u003c\/span>n                           u003c\/p>n                       u003cdiv class=\"timeline__content\">n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline__sideline timeline__sideline--bg\">u003c\/div>n                                   n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       9\/11n                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>11 September 2001u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>Al-Qaeda&comma; led by Osama Bin Laden in Afghanistan&comma; carries out the largest terror attack ever conducted on US soil.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/16DE\/production\/_119145850_gettyimages_wtc.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"The World Trade Centre is reduced to rubble\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> The World Trade Centre is reduced to rubblen                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> Gettyn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cp>Four commercial airliners are hijacked. Two are flown into the World Trade Centre in New York&comma; which collapses. One hits the Pentagon building in Washington&comma; and one crashes into a field in Pennsylvania. Nearly 3&comma;000 people are killed.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       First air strikesn                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>7 October 2001u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>A US-led coalition bombs Taliban and al-Qaeda facilities in Afghanistan. Targets include Kabul&comma; Kandahar and Jalalabad.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cp>The Taliban&comma; who took power after a decade-long Soviet occupation was followed by civil war&comma; refuse to hand over Bin Laden. Their air defences and small fleet of fighter aircraft are destroyed.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       u003cstrong> u003c\/strong>Fall of Kabuln                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>13 November 2001u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>The Northern Alliance&comma; a group of anti-Taliban rebels backed by coalition forces&comma; enters Kabul as the Taliban flee the city.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/3DEE\/production\/_119145851_gettyimages_na.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"Coalition-backed Northern Alliance fighters ride tanks into Kabul as the Taliban retreat\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> Coalition-backed Northern Alliance fighters ride tanks into Kabul as the Taliban retreatn                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> Gettyn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cp>By the 13 November 2001&comma; all Taliban have either fled or been neutralised. Other cities quickly fall.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       u003cstrong> u003c\/strong>New constitutionn                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>26 January 2004u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>After protracted negotiations at a &ldquo;loya jirga&rdquo; or grand assembly&comma; the new Afghan constitution is signed into law. The constitution paves the way for presidential elections in October 2004.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       Hamid Karzai becomes presidentn                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>7 December 2004u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/8C0E\/production\/_119145853_gettyimages_karzai.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"Hamid Karzai led anti-Taliban groups around Kandahar before becoming president\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> Hamid Karzai led anti-Taliban groups around Kandahar before becoming presidentn                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> Gettyn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cp>Hamid Karzai&comma; the leader of the Popalzai Durrani tribe&comma; becomes the first president under the new constitution. He serves two five-year terms as president.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       UK troops deployed to Helmandn                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>May 2006u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>British troops arrive in Helmand province&comma; a Taliban stronghold in the south of the country.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/B31E\/production\/_119145854_gettyimages-154419188.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"Soldiers of the Parachute Regiment lead the first UK deployment to Helmand\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> Soldiers of the Parachute Regiment lead the first UK deployment to Helmandn                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> Gettyn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cp>Their initial mission is to support reconstruction projects&comma; but they are quickly drawn into combat operations. More than 450 British troops lose their lives in Afghanistan over the course of the conflict.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       Obama\u2019s surgen                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>17 February 2009u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>US President Barack Obama approves a major increase in the number of troops sent to Afghanistan. At their peak&comma; they number about 140&comma;000.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/DA2E\/production\/_119145855_gettyimages_surge.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"US troops in intense combat operations in the south of the country\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> US troops in intense combat operations in the south of the countryn                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> Gettyn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cp>The so-called &ldquo;surge&rdquo; is modelled on US strategy in Iraq where US forces focussed on protecting the civilian population as well as killing insurgent fighters.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       Osama Bin Laden killedn                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>2 May 2011u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1013E\/production\/_119145856_obl_gettypng.png??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"Bin Laden is traced to a compound located less than a mile from a Pakistani military academy\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> Bin Laden is traced to a compound located less than a mile from a Pakistani military academyn                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> Gettyn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cp>The leader of al-Qaeda is killed in an assault by US Navy Seals on a compound in Abbottabad in Pakistan. Bin Laden\u2019s body is removed and buried at sea. The operation ends a 10-year hunt led by the CIA. \u00a0The confirmation that Bin Laden had been living on Pakistani soil fuels accusations in the US that Pakistan is an unreliable ally in the war on terror.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       Death of Mullah Omarn                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>23 April 2013u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>The founder of the Taliban&comma; Mullah Mohammed Omar&comma; dies. His death is kept secret for more than two years.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1284E\/production\/_119145857_omar_epa_2.png??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"The Taliban leader is believed to have suffered a shrapnel wound to his right eye in the 1980s\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> The Taliban leader is believed to have suffered a shrapnel wound to his right eye in the 1980sn                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> EPAn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cp>According to Afghan intelligence&comma; Mullah Omar dies of health problems at a hospital in the Pakistani city of Karachi. Pakistan denies that he was in the country.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       Nato ends combat operationsn                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>28 December 2014u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>At a ceremony in Kabul&comma; Nato ends its combat operations in Afghanistan. With the surge now over&comma; the US withdraws thousands of troops. \u00a0Most of those who remain focus on training and supporting the Afghan security forces.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       Taliban resurgencen                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>2015u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>The Taliban launch a series of suicide attacks&comma; car bombings and other assaults. The parliament building in Kabul&comma; and the city of Kunduz are attacked. Islamic State militants begin operations in Afghanistan.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/10210\/production\/_119146066_gettyimages-flames.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"Kabul's international airport is struck on 10 August 2015\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> Kabul's international airport is struck on 10 August 2015n                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> Gettyn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       Death toll announcementn                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>25 January 2019u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>Afghan President Ashraf Ghani says more than 45&comma;000 members of his country\u2019s security forces have been killed since he became leader in 2014. The figure is far higher than previously thought.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       US signs deal with Talibann                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>29 February 2020u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>The US and the Taliban sign an &ldquo;agreement for bringing peace&rdquo; to Afghanistan&comma; in Doha&comma; Qatar. The US and Nato allies agree to withdraw all troops within 14 months if the militants uphold the deal.u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       n                                   n                                       u003cfigure class=\"figure\">n                                           u003cpicture>n                                               u003cimg class=\"figure__img\"n                                                   src=\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/DB00\/production\/_119146065_gettyimages_qatar.jpg??v=1.0.202107270719.202107270720\"n                                                   alt=\"The deal lays out a timetable for full withdrawal\" \/>n                                           u003c\/picture>n                                           u003cfigcaption class=\"figure__figcaption gel-brevier\" >n                                                   u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image captionu003c\/span> The deal lays out a timetable for full withdrawaln                                                   u003cspan class=\"figure__attribution\">n                                                       u003cspan class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright byu003c\/span> Gettyn                                                   u003c\/span>n                                           u003c\/figcaption>n                                       u003c\/figure>n                                           n                                       n                           u003c\/div>n                           n                           u003cdiv class=\"timeline\">n                               u003cdiv class=\"timeline__indicator\">n                               u003c\/div>n                                   u003ch3 class=\"timeline__header\">n                                       Date for final withdrawaln                                   u003c\/h3>n                               u003cp class=\"timeline__date\">n                                   u003ctime>11 September 2021u003c\/time>n                               u003c\/p>n                                           n                                       u003cp>US forces are scheduled to withdraw from Afghanistan by 11 September 2021&comma; exactly 20 years since 9\/11. 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As we leave the station, he gestures to some of the young men working there, pointing out they don't have beards. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat insists no such thing happened. As we leave the station, he gestures to some of the young men working there, pointing out they don't have beards. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"See! We're not forcing anyone,\" he says, grinning.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"See! We're not forcing anyone,\" he says, grinning.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"It's clear the group do want to portray a softer image to the world. But in other parts of the country the Taliban are reported to be behaving much more strictly. 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Whilst many fear their form of justice, for others it at least offers the possibility of a quicker resolution than the notoriously corrupt government system. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In Balkh, on the day we visit a Taliban court session, all the cases are related to land disputes. Whilst many fear their form of justice, for others it at least offers the possibility of a quicker resolution than the notoriously corrupt government system. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"I've had to pay so many bribes,\" complains one of the litigants as he discusses his previous attempts to resolve the case.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"I've had to pay so many bribes,\" complains one of the litigants as he discusses his previous attempts to resolve the case.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban judge, Haji Badruddin, says he's not yet ordered any corporal punishment in the four months he's been in office, and emphasises the group has a system of appeal courts to review serious verdicts. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban judge, Haji Badruddin, says he's not yet ordered any corporal punishment in the four months he's been in office, and emphasises the group has a system of appeal courts to review serious verdicts. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But he defends even the harshest penalties. \"In our Sharia it's clear, for those who have sex and are unmarried, whether it's a girl or a boy, the punishment is 100 lashes in public.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But he defends even the harshest penalties. \"In our Sharia it's clear, for those who have sex and are unmarried, whether it's a girl or a boy, the punishment is 100 lashes in public.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"But for anyone who's married, they have to be stoned to death\u2026 For those who steal: if it's proved, then his hand should be cut off.\"  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"But for anyone who's married, they have to be stoned to death\u2026 For those who steal: if it's proved, then his hand should be cut off.\"  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He pushes back against criticism of the punishments as incompatible with the modern world. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He pushes back against criticism of the punishments as incompatible with the modern world. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"People's children are being kidnapped. Is that better? Or is it better that one person's hand is chopped off and stability is brought in the community?\" \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"People's children are being kidnapped. Is that better? Or is it better that one person's hand is chopped off and stability is brought in the community?\" \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\u202fFor now, despite the Taliban's rapid advance, the government remains in control of Afghanistan's biggest cities. The coming months are likely to see protracted and increasingly deadly violence as the two sides wrestle for control. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\u202fFor now, despite the Taliban's rapid advance, the government remains in control of Afghanistan's biggest cities. The coming months are likely to see protracted and increasingly deadly violence as the two sides wrestle for control. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I ask Haji Hekmat if he's sure the Taliban can win militarily? \"Yes,\" he replies. \"If peace talks are not successful, we will win, God willing.\"  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I ask Haji Hekmat if he's sure the Taliban can win militarily? \"Yes,\" he replies. \"If peace talks are not successful, we will win, God willing.\"  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Those talks however, have stalled, and the Taliban's repeated demand for the creation of an \"Islamic government\" appears tantamount to a call for their opponents to surrender. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Those talks however, have stalled, and the Taliban's repeated demand for the creation of an \"Islamic government\" appears tantamount to a call for their opponents to surrender. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" \"We have defeated both the foreigners,\" says Haji Hekmat, \"and now our internal enemies.\"\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" \"We have defeated both the foreigners,\" says Haji Hekmat, \"and now our internal enemies.\"\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},\"contributor\":{\"title\":\"By Secunder Kermani\",\"subtitle\":\"BBC News, Balkh Province\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"emphasiseImage\":true,\"caption\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh and elsewhere have made a rapid advance in recent weeks\",\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"alt\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"locator\":\"6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/6F2B\/production\/_119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg\"}},{\"type\":\"caption\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh and elsewhere have made a rapid advance in recent weeks\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban fighters we meet are stationed just 30 minutes from one of Afghanistan's largest cities, Mazar-i-Sharif.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban fighters we meet are stationed just 30 minutes from one of Afghanistan's largest cities, Mazar-i-Sharif.\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\",\"bold\"]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The \"ghanimat\" or spoils of war they're showing off include a Humvee, two pick-up vans and a host of powerful machine guns. Ainuddin, a stony-faced former madrassa (religious school) student who's now a local military commander, stands at the centre of a heavily-armed crowd.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The \"ghanimat\" or spoils of war they're showing off include a Humvee, two pick-up vans and a host of powerful machine guns. Ainuddin, a stony-faced former madrassa (religious school) student who's now a local military commander, stands at the centre of a heavily-armed crowd.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The insurgents have been capturing new territory on what seems like a daily basis as international troops have all but withdrawn. Caught in the middle is a terrified population. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The insurgents have been capturing new territory on what seems like a daily basis as international troops have all but withdrawn. Caught in the middle is a terrified population. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Tens of thousands of ordinary Afghans have had to flee their homes - hundreds have been killed or injured in recent weeks. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Tens of thousands of ordinary Afghans have had to flee their homes - hundreds have been killed or injured in recent weeks. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"unorderedList\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The displaced people hoping for safety in Kabul\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-58170433\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The displaced people hoping for safety in Kabul\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I ask Ainuddin how he can justify the violence, given the pain it's inflicting on the people he claims to be fighting on behalf of?  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I ask Ainuddin how he can justify the violence, given the pain it's inflicting on the people he claims to be fighting on behalf of?  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"It's fighting, so people are dying,\" he replies coolly, adding that the group is trying its best \"not to harm civilians\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"It's fighting, so people are dying,\" he replies coolly, adding that the group is trying its best \"not to harm civilians\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":\"The Taliban fighters showed off the Humvee they had captured\",\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg\",\"height\":699,\"width\":976,\"alt\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh, with captured Humvee\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Taliban fighters in Balkh, with captured Humvee\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":699,\"width\":976,\"locator\":\"13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/13983\/production\/_119895208_humvee.jpg\"}},{\"type\":\"caption\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban fighters showed off the Humvee they had captured\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I point out that the Taliban are the ones who have started the fighting. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I point out that the Taliban are the ones who have started the fighting. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"No,\" he retorts. \"We had a government and it was overthrown. They [the Americans] started the fighting.\"  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"No,\" he retorts. \"We had a government and it was overthrown. They [the Americans] started the fighting.\"  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Ainuddin and the rest of the Taliban feel momentum is with them, and that they are on the cusp of returning to dominance after being toppled by the US-led invasion in 2001. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Ainuddin and the rest of the Taliban feel momentum is with them, and that they are on the cusp of returning to dominance after being toppled by the US-led invasion in 2001. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"They are not giving up Western culture\u2026 so we have to kill them,\" he says of the \"puppet government\" in Kabul.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"They are not giving up Western culture\u2026 so we have to kill them,\" he says of the \"puppet government\" in Kabul.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Shortly after we finish speaking we hear the sound of helicopters above us. The Humvee and the Taliban fighters quickly disperse. It's a reminder of the continuing threat the Afghan air force poses to the insurgents, and that the battle is still far from over.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Shortly after we finish speaking we hear the sound of helicopters above us. The Humvee and the Taliban fighters quickly disperse. It's a reminder of the continuing threat the Afghan air force poses to the insurgents, and that the battle is still far from over.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png\",\"height\":2720,\"width\":2560,\"alt\":\"Afghanistan map\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Afghanistan map\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":2720,\"width\":2560,\"locator\":\"DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/DEC5\/production\/_119892075_afghanistan_control_map11_aug_640-nc-002.png\"}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png\",\"height\":1,\"width\":624,\"alt\":\"1px transparent line\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1px transparent line\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":1,\"width\":624,\"locator\":\"4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/4BEB\/production\/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png\"}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We're in Balkh, a town with ancient roots, thought to be the birthplace of one of Islam's most famous mystic poets, Jalaluddin Rumi. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We're in Balkh, a town with ancient roots, thought to be the birthplace of one of Islam's most famous mystic poets, Jalaluddin Rumi. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We passed through here earlier this year, when it was still controlled by the government, but the outlying villages were held by the Taliban. Now it's one of around 200 district centres to have been captured by the militants in this latest, unprecedented offensive. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We passed through here earlier this year\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-56747158\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We passed through here earlier this year\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\", when it was still controlled by the government, but the outlying villages were held by the Taliban. Now it's one of around 200 district centres to have been captured by the militants in this latest, unprecedented offensive. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":\"A member of a Taliban \"red unit\" or special forces (kneeling, bottom left) poses with other Taliban in Balkh\",\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg\",\"height\":649,\"width\":976,\"alt\":\"Taliban special forces (fighter kneeling bottom left) in Balkh district\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Taliban special forces (fighter kneeling bottom left) in Balkh district\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":649,\"width\":976,\"locator\":\"7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/7A1B\/production\/_119895213_e4107cff-2ff5-4493-a0b3-43889a4de48c.jpg\"}},{\"type\":\"caption\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"A member of a Taliban \"red unit\" or special forces (kneeling, bottom left) poses with other Taliban in Balkh\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"One senior Taliban official said the focus in the north had been deliberate - not only because the region has traditionally seen strong anti-Taliban resistance, but also because it is more diverse. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"One senior Taliban official said the focus in the north had been deliberate - not only because the region has traditionally seen strong anti-Taliban resistance, but also because it is more diverse. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Despite its core leadership being heavily dominated by members of the Pashtun majority, the official said the Taliban wanted to emphasise they incorporated other ethnicities too.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Despite its core leadership being heavily dominated by members of the Pashtun majority, the official said the Taliban wanted to emphasise they incorporated other ethnicities too.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat, a local Taliban leader and our host in Balkh, is keen to show us how daily life is still continuing. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat, a local Taliban leader and our host in Balkh, is keen to show us how daily life is still continuing. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The bazaar remains crowded, with both male and female shoppers. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The bazaar remains crowded, with both male and female shoppers. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"alt\":\"Balkh bazaar\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Balkh bazaar\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"locator\":\"487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/487F\/production\/_119895581_92f712fa-1bfc-4e8b-8744-a9645b04c59b.jpg\"}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We had been told by local sources that women were allowed to attend only with a male companion, but when we visit that does not seem to be the case. Elsewhere Taliban commanders have reportedly been far stricter.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"We had been told by local sources that women were allowed to attend only with a male companion, but when we visit that does not seem to be the case. Elsewhere Taliban commanders have reportedly been far stricter.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"All the women we see, however, are wearing the all-encompassing burqa, covering both their hair and face. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"All the women we see, however, are wearing the all-encompassing burqa, covering both their hair and face. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat insists no-one is being \"forced\" and that the Taliban are simply \"preaching\" that this is how women should dress. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat insists no-one is being \"forced\" and that the Taliban are simply \"preaching\" that this is how women should dress. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":\"This young girl had her face uncovered in the bazaar - but older female shoppers wore burqas\",\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"alt\":\"Girl with phone in Balkh bazaar\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Girl with phone in Balkh bazaar\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"locator\":\"969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/969F\/production\/_119895583_girlwithphone.jpg\"}},{\"type\":\"caption\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"This young girl had her face uncovered in the bazaar - but older female shoppers wore burqas\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But I've been told taxi drivers have been given instructions not to drive any woman into the town unless she's fully veiled.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But I've been told taxi drivers have been given instructions not to drive any woman into the town unless she's fully veiled.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The day after we leave, reports emerge of a young woman being murdered because of her clothing. Haji Hekmat, though, rejects allegations Taliban members were responsible.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The day after we leave, reports emerge of a young woman being murdered because of her clothing. Haji Hekmat, though, rejects allegations Taliban members were responsible.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many in the bazaar express their support for the group and their gratitude towards them for improving security. But with Taliban fighters accompanying us at all times, it's difficult to know what residents really think.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many in the bazaar express their support for the group and their gratitude towards them for improving security. But with Taliban fighters accompanying us at all times, it's difficult to know what residents really think.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The group's hardline views are at times in tune with more conservative Afghans, but the Taliban are now pushing for control of a number of larger cities. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The group's hardline views are at times in tune with more conservative Afghans, but the Taliban are now pushing for control of a number of larger cities. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\",\"height\":2,\"width\":640,\"alt\":\"2px presentational grey line\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2px presentational grey line\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":2,\"width\":640,\"locator\":\"1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\"}}]}},{\"type\":\"crosshead\",\"text\":\"Find out more on the Afghan conflict 2001-2021\"},{\"type\":\"unorderedList\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"EXPLAINER: \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Why is there a war in Afghanistan?\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-49192495\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Why is there a war in Afghanistan?\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"IN MAPS: \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"How the Taliban retook half of Afghanistan\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-57933979\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"How the Taliban retook half of Afghanistan\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"PROFILE: \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Who are the Taliban?\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-south-asia-11451718\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Who are the Taliban?\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"ANALYSIS: \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"An al-Qaeda resurgence?\",\"locator\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-57738731\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"An al-Qaeda resurgence?\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/1226D\/production\/_105894347_grey_line-nc.png\",\"height\":2,\"width\":640,\"alt\":\"2px presentational grey line\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2px presentational grey 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Mazar-i-Sharif were fearful of the Taliban resurgence\",\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/155A3\/production\/_119895478_mazarbluemosque.jpg\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"alt\":\"Blue Mosque in Mazar\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Blue Mosque in 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with. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The government are still in control in the city and almost everyone I spoke to expressed concern about what the Taliban's resurgence will mean, particularly for the \"freedoms\" younger generations have grown up with. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But back in Balkh district the Taliban are formalising their own rival government. They've taken over all the official buildings in the town, bar one large, now abandoned police compound. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But back in Balkh district the Taliban are formalising their own rival government. They've taken over all the official buildings in the town, bar one large, now abandoned police compound. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"It used to be the headquarters of a bitter rival, the local police chief, and was partly destroyed in a suicide bombing by the militants as they fought for control of the area.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"It used to be the headquarters of a bitter rival, the local police chief, and was partly destroyed in a suicide bombing by the militants as they fought for control of the area.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The face of the Taliban's district governor, Abdullah Manzoor, lights up with a broad grin when he talks about the operation, whilst his men chuckle. The fight here, as in so many places in Afghanistan, is deeply personal as well as ideological.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The face of the Taliban's district governor, Abdullah Manzoor, lights up with a broad grin when he talks about the operation, whilst his men chuckle. The fight here, as in so many places in Afghanistan, is deeply personal as well as ideological.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Some things haven't changed since the Taliban takeover; orange-clad street cleaners are still reporting for work, as are some bureaucrats. They're overseen by a newly appointed Taliban mayor, seated at a broad wooden desk, with a small white flag of the \"Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan\" positioned in one corner. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Some things haven't changed since the Taliban takeover; orange-clad street cleaners are still reporting for work, as are some bureaucrats. They're overseen by a newly appointed Taliban mayor, seated at a broad wooden desk, with a small white flag of the \"Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan\" positioned in one corner. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":\"The Taliban mayor in Balkh says business rates have gone down since the group took over the area\",\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ComponentsImage\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg\",\"height\":649,\"width\":976,\"alt\":\"Taliban mayor at his desk in Balkh\",\"loading\":\"lazy\"},\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"altText\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Taliban mayor at his desk in Balkh\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"rawImage\",\"model\":{\"height\":649,\"width\":976,\"locator\":\"132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg\",\"originCode\":\"cpsprodpb\",\"copyrightHolder\":\"BBC\",\"originalSrc\":\"https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg\",\"iChefRecipe\":\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/$recipe\/cpsprodpb\/132DF\/production\/_119895587_talibanmayor.jpg\"}},{\"type\":\"caption\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban mayor in Balkh says business rates have gone down since the group took over the area\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He used to be in charge of ammunition supplies, now it's taxes - and he tells me proudly the group charges business owners less than the government used to. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He used to be in charge of ammunition supplies, now it's taxes - and he tells me proudly the group charges business owners less than the government used to. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The transition from military to civilian life is a work in progress, though. A Taliban fighter still grasping his gun, who moves to pose behind the mayor during our interview, is ushered away by more senior figures.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The transition from military to civilian life is a work in progress, though. A Taliban fighter still grasping his gun, who moves to pose behind the mayor during our interview, is ushered away by more senior figures.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In other places, however, the insurgents' hardline interpretation of Islamic scripture is more visible. At the local radio station, they used to play a mixture of Islamic music and general popular hits. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In other places, however, the insurgents' hardline interpretation of Islamic scripture is more visible. At the local radio station, they used to play a mixture of Islamic music and general popular hits. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Now it's only religious chants. Haji Hekmat says they banned music promoting \"vulgarity\" from being played in public, but insists individuals can still listen to what they want.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Now it's only religious chants. Haji Hekmat says they banned music promoting \"vulgarity\" from being played in public, but insists individuals can still listen to what they want.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I've been told, however, of a local man being caught listening to music in the bazaar. To punish him, Taliban fighters are said to have made him walk barefoot in the baking sun, until he lost consciousness. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I've been told, however, of a local man being caught listening to music in the bazaar. To punish him, Taliban fighters are said to have made him walk barefoot in the baking sun, until he lost consciousness. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"include\",\"model\":{\"href\":\"\/include\/vjeastasia\/800-timeline_on_slack\/english\/newsspec-31092?responsive=true&newsapps=true&app-image=https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/5BDB\/production\/_119151532_afghan_app_launcher_640-nc.png&app-clickable=true&amp-clickable=true&amp-image-height=360&amp-image-width=640&amp-image=https:\/\/c.files.bbci.co.uk\/5BDB\/production\/_119151532_afghan_app_launcher_640-nc.png&app-image-alt-text=Click%20or%20tap%20here%20to%20see%20interactive%20content\",\"html\":\"\",\"type\":\"vj\"}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat insists no such thing happened. As we leave the station, he gestures to some of the young men working there, pointing out they don't have beards. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Haji Hekmat insists no such thing happened. As we leave the station, he gestures to some of the young men working there, pointing out they don't have beards. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"See! We're not forcing anyone,\" he says, grinning.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"See! We're not forcing anyone,\" he says, grinning.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"It's clear the group do want to portray a softer image to the world. But in other parts of the country the Taliban are reported to be behaving much more strictly. The differences may depend on the attitudes of local commanders. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"It's clear the group do want to portray a softer image to the world. But in other parts of the country the Taliban are reported to be behaving much more strictly. The differences may depend on the attitudes of local commanders. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"With reports of extra-judicial revenge killings and other human rights abuses in some of the areas they've captured, the Taliban have been warned by Western officials they risk turning the country into a pariah state if they try to seize it by force.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"With reports of extra-judicial revenge killings and other human rights abuses in some of the areas they've captured, the Taliban have been warned by Western officials they risk turning the country into a pariah state if they try to seize it by force.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"What many associate most closely with the Taliban's previous stint in power, is the brutal punishments meted out under their interpretation of Sharia law.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"What many associate most closely with the Taliban's previous stint in power, is the brutal punishments meted out under their interpretation of Sharia law.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Last month in the southern province of Helmand, the group hanged two men accused of child kidnapping from a bridge, justifying it by saying the men had been convicted.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Last month in the southern province of Helmand, the group hanged two men accused of child kidnapping from a bridge, justifying it by saying the men had been convicted.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In Balkh, on the day we visit a Taliban court session, all the cases are related to land disputes. Whilst many fear their form of justice, for others it at least offers the possibility of a quicker resolution than the notoriously corrupt government system. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In Balkh, on the day we visit a Taliban court session, all the cases are related to land disputes. Whilst many fear their form of justice, for others it at least offers the possibility of a quicker resolution than the notoriously corrupt government system. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"I've had to pay so many bribes,\" complains one of the litigants as he discusses his previous attempts to resolve the case.  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"I've had to pay so many bribes,\" complains one of the litigants as he discusses his previous attempts to resolve the case.  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban judge, Haji Badruddin, says he's not yet ordered any corporal punishment in the four months he's been in office, and emphasises the group has a system of appeal courts to review serious verdicts. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban judge, Haji Badruddin, says he's not yet ordered any corporal punishment in the four months he's been in office, and emphasises the group has a system of appeal courts to review serious verdicts. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But he defends even the harshest penalties. \"In our Sharia it's clear, for those who have sex and are unmarried, whether it's a girl or a boy, the punishment is 100 lashes in public.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But he defends even the harshest penalties. \"In our Sharia it's clear, for those who have sex and are unmarried, whether it's a girl or a boy, the punishment is 100 lashes in public.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"But for anyone who's married, they have to be stoned to death\u2026 For those who steal: if it's proved, then his hand should be cut off.\"  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"But for anyone who's married, they have to be stoned to death\u2026 For those who steal: if it's proved, then his hand should be cut off.\"  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He pushes back against criticism of the punishments as incompatible with the modern world. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He pushes back against criticism of the punishments as incompatible with the modern world. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"People's children are being kidnapped. Is that better? Or is it better that one person's hand is chopped off and stability is brought in the community?\" \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\"People's children are being kidnapped. Is that better? Or is it better that one person's hand is chopped off and stability is brought in the community?\" \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\u202fFor now, despite the Taliban's rapid advance, the government remains in control of Afghanistan's biggest cities. The coming months are likely to see protracted and increasingly deadly violence as the two sides wrestle for control. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\u202fFor now, despite the Taliban's rapid advance, the government remains in control of Afghanistan's biggest cities. The coming months are likely to see protracted and increasingly deadly violence as the two sides wrestle for control. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I ask Haji Hekmat if he's sure the Taliban can win militarily? \"Yes,\" he replies. \"If peace talks are not successful, we will win, God willing.\"  \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"I ask Haji Hekmat if he's sure the Taliban can win militarily? \"Yes,\" he replies. \"If peace talks are not successful, we will win, God willing.\"  \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Those talks however, have stalled, and the Taliban's repeated demand for the creation of an \"Islamic government\" appears tantamount to a call for their opponents to surrender. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Those talks however, have stalled, and the 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Image caption The World Trade Centre is reduced to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40027,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hindi-news"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/119895482_talibanfighterlook.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=40026"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40026\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/40027"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=40026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=40026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bengalnewstimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=40026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}